Which of the following is a way the executive branch can influence public policy?

The executive branch can influence public policy significantly through the issuance of executive orders. An executive order is a directive issued by the President that manages the operations of the federal government. This allows the President to implement policies and enforce laws without needing the approval of Congress. For instance, executive orders can establish national priorities, amend regulations, or direct federal agencies in how to operate. This ability enables the President to take urgent action on various issues, shaping public policy swiftly and effectively, especially when legislative gridlock occurs.

In contrast, passing legislation is primarily the responsibility of Congress, as it requires the legislative process involving both the House of Representatives and the Senate. Confirming appointments pertains to the Senate's role in checking the executive branch's power, particularly in terms of appointments to the federal judiciary and other key positions. Holding hearings is another function of Congress, which is meant for oversight purposes, rather than an action the executive branch might take. Thus, while the other options are associated with governance, they do not represent direct actions of the executive branch in the same way that executive orders do.