What is the impact of executive privilege on transparency?

The correct choice highlights that executive privilege enables the President to withhold certain communications from Congress and, in some contexts, the public as well. This principle is rooted in the idea of protecting sensitive information that, if disclosed, could interfere with the functions of the executive branch, national security, or diplomatic relations.

In practice, this means that there are specific instances where the President can refuse to share information that could provide insight into the deliberative process of decision-making. As a result, executive privilege can hinder transparency, as it limits the extent to which Congress and the public can access information crucial for understanding presidential actions and policies.

By allowing the President to maintain confidentiality over specific discussions and documents, executive privilege leads to a balance between the need for secrecy in certain executive functions and the democratic principle of government transparency. This dynamic is often debated in the context of accountability and oversight of the executive branch, illustrating the delicate interplay between power and transparency in governance.