How do executive agreements differ from treaties?

The distinction between executive agreements and treaties primarily hinges on the requirement for Senate approval. Executive agreements are arrangements made by the executive branch with foreign governments that do not require the formal consent of the Senate, allowing for more flexibility and speed in foreign relations. This contrasts with treaties, which are defined in the U.S. Constitution and necessitate a two-thirds majority vote in the Senate for ratification, reflecting a more formal and deliberate process.

This difference highlights the executive branch's ability to engage in international agreements without the often lengthy and contentious treaty ratification process. Treaties involve more scrutiny and typically reflect a greater commitment from the United States, whereas executive agreements can be utilized for routine diplomatic engagements or matters that require swift action. Understanding this distinction is crucial in comprehending the dynamics of U.S. foreign policy and the balance of power between branches of government.